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WASHINGTON — There seems to be broad agreement that change is coming for the National Institutes of Health. It is just a matter of how much — and which institutes see their fates upturned.

Two House Republicans whose committees oversee the agency on Friday laid out a sweeping plan to nearly halve the number of NIH institutes and centers, establish director term limits, restrict certain infectious disease research, and bolster grant reporting, among dozens of proposed changes. They shared their plans in a whitepaper and in an opinion piece in STAT.

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The overarching proposal — particularly winnowing down the number of institutes and centers from 27 to 15 by merging several — goes far beyond post-Covid promises to put guardrails around infectious disease research and foreign grants. But while the plan is unlikely to find support among Democrats and certain patient advocacy groups, it previews some of the changes that President Trump could champion if he is elected to a second term. And with congressional frustration brewing since the pandemic, medical research advocates are not entirely dismissing reform in Bethesda, Md., where NIH is located.

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